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Abstract
Ensuring the proper implementation of academic freedom can be difficult both for policymakers and university authorities. Hence, great emphasis should be given to the defensive function of academic freedom. In this paper, we analyse the legal regulations and the jurisprudence of the constitutional courts of Germany, Hungary, Poland, Portugal, and Spain. We identify who is the holder of academic freedom, how the defensive function of academic freedom works and what academic activities are being protected. The study shows that individual countries emphasise slightly different aspects of the defensive function of academic freedom but remain unanimous on the essence of this function. As academic freedom is not defined unequivocally in most constitutions and legal frameworks, constitutional courts play a significant role in shaping its defensive function.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 161-190 |
| Number of pages | 30 |
| Journal | Hague Journal on the Rule of Law |
| Volume | 15 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Apr 2023 |
Keywords
- Academic freedom
- Negative and positive freedom
- Defensive rights
- Freedom of scientific research
- Freedom to teach
- Fundamental rights
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CEID-CRCFL: Católica Research Centre for the Future of Law
Pais, S. O. (Associate Professor), Costa, A. C. R. (Invited Assistant Professor), Afonso, A. (Assistant Professor), Ribeiro, A. T. (PI), Martins, A. A. (Invited Assistant Professor), Guedes, A. (Associate Professor), Sousa, A. F. D. (Assistant Professor), Triunfante, A. (Assistant Professor), Botelho, C. S. (Assistant Professor), Fraipont, C. D. (Student), Tavares, E. (Student), Ferreira, A. S. (Student), Antunes, A. F. M. (PI), Fonseca, A. (PI), Abrantes, A. M. (Student), Amaro, A. E. L. (Scholarship holder), Cortês, A. U. (Associate Professor), Rocha, A. (Assistant Professor), Baldé, A. (Student), Sardinha, C. (Assistant Professor), Lucena, C. (Student), Sequeira, E. V. D. (Assistant Professor), Ferreira-Pinto, F. A. (Assistant Professor), Calvão, F. (Associate Professor), Alves, F. C. (Invited Assistant Teacher), Ribeiro, G. A. (Assistant Professor), Matias, G. (Assistant Professor), Ferreira, H. P. (Student), Salinas, H. (Assistant Professor), Antunes, H. S. (Associate Professor), Sousa, I. P. D. (Invited Assistant Teacher), Costa, I. G. (Student), Duarte, I. T. (Scholarship holder), Dalhuisen, J. (Invited Professor), Geng, J. (Student), Vasconcelos, J. (Associate Professor), Gomes, J. S. (Student), Lopes, J. F. (Student), Silva, J. P. D. (Assistant Professor), Lopes, J. A. (Associate Professor), Moutinho, J. L. (Associate Professor), Antunes, J. E. (Associate Professor), Proença, J. C. B. (Invited Associate Professor), Estaca, J. N. (Student), Domingos, J. L. (Student), Cunha, J. D. D. (Associate Professor), Rodrigues, J. (Student), Taborda, J. (Student), Araújo, L. (Student), Fábrica, L. (Assistant Professor), Naia, L. R. (Scholarship holder), Campos, M. F. (Associate Professor), Queiroz, B. M. (Assistant Professor), Cunha, M. D. C. (Associate Professor), Baptista, D. (Assistant Professor), Ribeiro, M. D. F. (Associate Professor), Ferreira, M. E. (Assistant Professor), Quadros, I. (Assistant Professor), Tavares, M. I. (Assistant Professor), Campos, I. M. (Assistant Professor), Martins, M. D. (Assistant Professor), Faria, M. P. R. D. (Associate Professor), Xavier, R. (Full Professor), Faria, R. L. D. (Assistant Professor), Rocha, V. (Assistant Professor), Almeida, M. A. D. (Full Professor), Domingos, M. P. (Scholarship holder), Rosas, M. (Invited Assistant Teacher), Portocarrero, M. (Assistant Professor), Rouxinol, M. (Assistant Professor), Alija, N. (Student), Silva, N. S. E. (Invited Assistant Professor), Martins, P. F. (Assistant Professor), Pichel, P. (Invited Assistant Teacher), Cunha, P. O. (Associate Professor), Albuquerque, P. P. D. (Full Professor), Marques, P. G. (Assistant Professor), Machete, P. (Associate Professor), Gomes, P. C. (Invited Assistant Professor), Freitas, P. (Assistant Professor), Carvalho, R. (Associate Professor), Moreira, R. R. (Scholarship holder), Andrade, R. (Invited Assistant Teacher), Morais, R. D. (Full Professor), Medeiros, R. (Full Professor), Duarte, R. P. (Full Professor), Carvalho, C. D. O. (Associate Professor), Tavares, S. (Assistant Professor), Vasques, S. (Associate Professor), Venda, S. B. E. (Student), Maltez, S. (Scholarship holder), Rendas, T. (Invited Assistant Professor), Tavares, T. (Assistant Professor), Ventura, V. (Student) & Nogueira, J. F. P. (Assistant Professor)
1/01/20 → 31/12/25
Project: Research