Adaptação e validação da Resilience Scale® de Wagnild e Young para a cultura portuguesa

The purpose of this study is to describe the cross-cultural adaptation and validation to the Portuguese culture of the Resilience Scale® (RS), which was originally created in English idiom, in USA by Wagnild and Young (1993) used to identify resilience levels. A team of bilingual and bicultural translators participated in the translation process to enhance the linguistic accuracy and cultural correlation. The scale was adapted for a sample of students from a public school in Viana do Castelo, Portugal. Participants were 215 students between 10-16 years of age. One item were excluded for showing low item-total correlation (lower than 0,2) and also because it decreased internal consistency. Reliability was evaluated by internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) and stability over time (test-retest analysis). Cronbach’s alpha was 0,82 which showed good internal consistency and the test-retest correlation, tested in a sub-group of 30 students was 0,72 (p<0,001) showing good stability over time. Contents validity was determined by expert juries, construct validity was determined by principal components analysis (PCA) with varimax rotation to determine the number of components, and sensibility by the t Student test applied to the item discrimination index. The mean score on RS was 126,26. Perseverance, Self-Reliance, Equanimity, Meaningfulness and Existential Aloneness emerged as components from the principal components analysis. These results provide evidence for the reliability and validity of the Portuguese adapted version of the RS to measure resilience in the Portuguese culture and we conclude that this is a useful instrument for studies which proposes to evaluate resilience and to guide nursing practice. However we concluded the necessity of new revalidation studies.