As ameaças não violentas do Islamismo radical. O Hizb ut Tahir na Grã-Bretanha (1986-2015)

After the 9/11 in the US and, in Europe, the Madrid (7/11/2004) and London (7/7/2005) terrorist attacks, most States became aware of the need to identify and collaborate with moderates inside the Muslim community. However, several Islamic organizations were chosen (and financed) to fight jihadist terrorism simply because they advocate for a non-violent approach, despite the fact many of them still pursue an agenda contrary to principles of the Rule of Law. In this context, it is relevant to answer the following question: is Islamic Radicalism ideology in its non-violent approach incompatible with liberal democracy or is it an integration effort, bearing in mind the example of Hizb ut Tahrir in Great Britain (1986-2015)? On chapter one, it will be necessary to define the thesis object, the definition of non-violent radical Islamism, and some operative concepts, considered essential for the development of the PHD thesis. Chapter two will analyze the objectives and strategy of non-violent Islamic Radicalism that threaten liberal democracy. Chapter three will assess the reason why these threats emerged and why they are so difficult to combat — from lack of knowledge to the legitimization of non-violent Islamic Radicalism by political decision-makers. Chapter four will explore the radicalization process on Islamic extremism and the combat against it. Chapter five will analyze the impact of Hizb ut Tahrir — an Islamic group that supports the ideology of non-violent Radical Islamism in Great Britain from 1986 to 2015. Chapter six will test the framework for political decision-makers to engage with non-violent Islamic groups, which is based on two principles of the Rule of Law. Finally, the doctoral thesis conclusions will be drawn.