Better quality of life determinants: a correlational study in a drug addicts community

Introduction: In the drug addicts community, we can observe social and family life difficulties, emotional dis- tress and other indicators that can be related to a lower life quality (QoL) measured by “Drug addicts in a methadone program quality of life scale” (Pacheco et al., 2005). The physical and psychological comorbidities are responsible for increasing the drug using consequences. Objective: Identify the factors that contribute to a better QoL. Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted between February and December 2012. Social, demographic and clinical data was observed and correlated with their QoL. A systematic random sample of 180 opiate addicts, integrated in a three methadone maintenance programs from Lisbon district, accepted to answer after informed consent. Results: A significant positive QoL was found (x =78.7%). The variables that significantly contribute to a better QoL: fewer reentries (r=-,159; p=,033); better mental health (r=,382; p<,001); conjugal relationship (t=-2.187; p=,030), being employed (F=6.038; p=,001), living by salary (F=11.835; p<,001), no comorbidities (t=-2.452; p=,018). Variables that contribute to a significantly lower QoL: Benzodiazepine consumption (t=2.388; p=,018) and still use IV consumption (t=-2.373; p=,019). Conclusions: The stability obtained when integrated in a methadone maintenance program, provides better QoL. Being employed, living with a salary and maintaining a conjugal relationship, are the most evident social stability factors. The absence of physical or mental comorbidities, lack of benzodiazepines consumption and no IV consumption, are the complementary factors to a good QoL. The substance dependence consequences affect significantly QoL.