TY - JOUR
T1 - Bioactive-enhanced polyetheretherketone dental implant materials
T2 - mechanical characterization and cellular responses
AU - Cruz, Mariana Brito da
AU - Marques, Joana Faria
AU - Peñarrieta-Juanito, Gabriella M.
AU - Costa, Mafalda
AU - Souza, Júlio C. M.
AU - Magini, Ricardo S.
AU - Miranda, Georgina
AU - Silva, Filipe Samuel
AU - Caramês, Joaõ Manuel Mendez
AU - Mata, António Duarte Sola Pereira da
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Allen Press Inc.. All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/2
Y1 - 2021/2
N2 - The aim of this study was to characterize the mechanical properties of a bioactive-modified polyetheretherketone (PEEK) manufacturing approach for dental implants and to compare the in vitro biological behavior with titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) as the reference. PEEK, PEEK with 5% hydroxyapatite (HA), PEEK with 5% beta-tricalcium phosphate (bTCP), and Ti6Al4V discs were produced using hot pressing technology to create a functionally graded material (FGM). Surface roughness values (Ra, Rz), water contact angle, shear bond strength, and Vickers hardness tests were performed. Human osteoblasts and gingival fibroblasts bioactivity was evaluated by a resazurin-based method, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) images of fluorescent-stained fibroblasts. Morphology and cellular adhesion were confirmed using field emission gun-scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM). Group comparisons were tested using analysis of variance (Tukey post hoc test), α = .05. All groups presented similar roughness values (P > .05). Ti6Al4V group was found to have the highest contact angle (P < .05). Shear bond strength and Vickers hardness of different PEEK materials were similar (P > .05); however, the mean values in the Ti6Al4V group were significantly higher when compared with those of the other groups (P < .05). Cell viability and proliferation of osteoblast and fibroblast cells were higher in the PEEK group (P < .05). PEEK-bTCP showed the highest significant ALP activity over time (P < .05 at 14 days of culture). An enhanced bone and soft-tissue cell behavior on pure PEEK was obtained to the gold standard (Ti6Al4V) with equivalent roughness. The results substantiate the potential role of chemical composition rather than physical properties of materials in biological responses. The addition of 5% HA or bTCP by FGM did not enhance PEEK mechanical properties or periodontal cell behavior.
AB - The aim of this study was to characterize the mechanical properties of a bioactive-modified polyetheretherketone (PEEK) manufacturing approach for dental implants and to compare the in vitro biological behavior with titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) as the reference. PEEK, PEEK with 5% hydroxyapatite (HA), PEEK with 5% beta-tricalcium phosphate (bTCP), and Ti6Al4V discs were produced using hot pressing technology to create a functionally graded material (FGM). Surface roughness values (Ra, Rz), water contact angle, shear bond strength, and Vickers hardness tests were performed. Human osteoblasts and gingival fibroblasts bioactivity was evaluated by a resazurin-based method, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) images of fluorescent-stained fibroblasts. Morphology and cellular adhesion were confirmed using field emission gun-scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM). Group comparisons were tested using analysis of variance (Tukey post hoc test), α = .05. All groups presented similar roughness values (P > .05). Ti6Al4V group was found to have the highest contact angle (P < .05). Shear bond strength and Vickers hardness of different PEEK materials were similar (P > .05); however, the mean values in the Ti6Al4V group were significantly higher when compared with those of the other groups (P < .05). Cell viability and proliferation of osteoblast and fibroblast cells were higher in the PEEK group (P < .05). PEEK-bTCP showed the highest significant ALP activity over time (P < .05 at 14 days of culture). An enhanced bone and soft-tissue cell behavior on pure PEEK was obtained to the gold standard (Ti6Al4V) with equivalent roughness. The results substantiate the potential role of chemical composition rather than physical properties of materials in biological responses. The addition of 5% HA or bTCP by FGM did not enhance PEEK mechanical properties or periodontal cell behavior.
KW - Dental implants
KW - Fibroblasts
KW - Osteoblasts
KW - Polyetheretherketone
KW - Titanium
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85102910613&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-19-00172
DO - 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-19-00172
M3 - Article
C2 - 32663305
AN - SCOPUS:85102910613
SN - 0160-6972
VL - 47
SP - 9
EP - 17
JO - Journal of Oral Implantology
JF - Journal of Oral Implantology
IS - 1
ER -