Catolicismo social europeu, Rerum Novarum e primazia do reino de Deus nas origens do catolicismo de esquerda na América Latina

The aim of this article is to show how some ecclesial positions, social movements within the Catholicism in the nineteenth century, and some theological emphases are the origin of what can be understood as Left Catholicism, fertile ground for the unfolding of the Liberation Theologies of the century XX. Among the elements that can be mentioned for the period beginning of the the social commitment of modern Catholicism stands out the movement that would come to be knownas Social Catholicism in Europe that demanded a response from the Church to the grave situation of the proletariat that suffers the effects of the Revolution Industrial, resulting in the Encyclical Rerum Novarumof Pope Leo XIII, published in May 1891, and later reaffirmed in the Second Vatican Council. Within these two aspects there is a growing recovery and emphasis on the theological category of the Kingdom of God, which allowed for another social imaginary and forms of dialogue and cooperation with other movements and social and political theories.