De Cristo a Adão: a inversão hermenêutica sobre a doutrina do pecado original na teologia atual

In Christian anthropology Christ illumines and interprets the whole mystery of Man (cf. Gn 22), including his sinful condition from the outset. From the 1990s onwards, starting from a christological (and soteriological) centrality, contemporary systematic theology has been in the process of revising the doctrine of original sin. The sense of the title, “From Christ to Adam”, seeks to mark out this hermeneutical inversion. It is in the light of Christ, “the last man”, that we are to come to an understanding of the sinful condition of Adam. This article is structured around three points: based above all on the New Testament (especially Paul) and starting from the antithetical parallel between Adam and Christ, the first places particular emphasis on the excellence of Christ; the second presents some of the significant contributions from contemporary theology on the revision of original sin, with particular reference to the latin world; the third echoes this hermeneutic inversion in the recent Magisterium of the Church (Catechism of the Catholic Church, German Episcopate and Benedict XVI).