TY - JOUR
T1 - HS-SPME/GC-MS methodologies for the analysis of volatile compounds in cork material
AU - Moreira, N.
AU - Lopes, P.
AU - Cabral, M.
AU - Pinho, P. Guedes de
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by National Funds from FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia) and FEDER under Program PT2020 (project 007265 -UID/QUI/50006/2013) and postgraduate fellowships ref. SFRH/BPD/63851/2009 and SFRH/BPD/109668/2015.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
PY - 2016/4/1
Y1 - 2016/4/1
N2 - Two methods based on headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled to gas chromatography–ion trap mass spectrometry (GC-IT/MS) were proposed for the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in cork material used in the production of cork stoppers. The effect of various factors affecting the extraction efficiency was carried out by means of a 24 full factorial design. The first method allowed the extraction of 17 terpenes by using a divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS) fiber (50/30 μm). The optimal conditions were achieved when cork extract (5 mL) added with 2.3 g of NaCl was extracted during 35 min at 55 °C. The second method allowed the identification of 41 carbonyl compounds after in-solution (5 mL) derivatization with O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine hydrochloride (PFBHA, 2.3 mg/mL), followed by an incubation period of 6 min at 52 °C and extraction during 36 min at the same temperature, using a PDMS/DVB (50/30 μm) fiber. Both methods are simple, solvent free and fast. These methods were applied to the analysis of different cork raw material showing significant differences in the amounts of volatile compounds analyzed. Alcanfor and α-terpineol were the terpenes compounds present at highest amounts, and within carbonyl compounds analyzed, some samples presented a high level of butanal, octanal, nonanal, and glyoxal.
AB - Two methods based on headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled to gas chromatography–ion trap mass spectrometry (GC-IT/MS) were proposed for the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in cork material used in the production of cork stoppers. The effect of various factors affecting the extraction efficiency was carried out by means of a 24 full factorial design. The first method allowed the extraction of 17 terpenes by using a divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS) fiber (50/30 μm). The optimal conditions were achieved when cork extract (5 mL) added with 2.3 g of NaCl was extracted during 35 min at 55 °C. The second method allowed the identification of 41 carbonyl compounds after in-solution (5 mL) derivatization with O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine hydrochloride (PFBHA, 2.3 mg/mL), followed by an incubation period of 6 min at 52 °C and extraction during 36 min at the same temperature, using a PDMS/DVB (50/30 μm) fiber. Both methods are simple, solvent free and fast. These methods were applied to the analysis of different cork raw material showing significant differences in the amounts of volatile compounds analyzed. Alcanfor and α-terpineol were the terpenes compounds present at highest amounts, and within carbonyl compounds analyzed, some samples presented a high level of butanal, octanal, nonanal, and glyoxal.
KW - Carbonyl compounds
KW - Cork
KW - HS-SPME–GC-IT/MS
KW - Quercus suber L
KW - Terpenes
KW - Volatile composition
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84955564310&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00217-016-2636-x
DO - 10.1007/s00217-016-2636-x
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:84955564310
SN - 1438-2377
VL - 242
SP - 457
EP - 466
JO - European Food Research and Technology
JF - European Food Research and Technology
IS - 4
ER -