Ideias de reforma ou uma reforma efectiva entre os Franciscanos portugueses: da viragem Boaventuriana (finais do séc. XIII) às vésperas de 1517

This work intends to study and update the arrival, implantation or, even refusal of reforms among the Friars Minor in Portugal until Leo’s X bull of 1517, Ite vos, which imposed the reform of the Observance. The friars tried to follow and experiment with different intentions and ways, as voices arose here and there in Europe, to defend the reform of the Order in all its locations. This reform movement adopted various forms, from the poverty of Christ to the return to the origins of the Order, from the imitation of the Founder to the return to eremitism and an attempt to relaunch the Order. As we will see in Portugal, we have some figures, intents, and renewals relative to the Observance from 1392; however, little is known before this date, apart from figures like Fr. Álvaro Pais, bishop of Silves, who called for change, but without cutting the shackles of the institution. This work will examine the spiritual dimension of the Observance but also the institutional dimension, which embodies these attempts of reform in the Order that began to crystalize in 1392 in the form of a reformation that preceded the great Tridentine Catholic Reformation.