Intervenções de enfermagem à pessoa em situação crítica com traumatismo torácico: scoping review

Introduction: Chest trauma has been described as one of the leading causes of death, and its incidence has been increasing worldwide in recent years. A quick and accurate intervention and appropriate monitoring by the nurse have a decisive effect on reducing the morbidity and mortality of individuals with chest trauma. Objective: Mapping knowledge to identify nursing interventions for individuals in critical condition with thoracic trauma. Material and methods: Evidence synthesis was conducted through a Scoping Review, following the methodology of the Joanna Briggs Institute. The search was performed across five databases: PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE Complete, CINAHL Complete, and Cochrane Library. Data were extracted into a pre-constructed data extraction table. Results: Out of 4701 records identified, after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, seven studies were analysed. The nursing interventions have been identified and organized in a data extraction table. Conclusions: Autonomous and interdependent nursing interventions were identified, and given their specificity and complexity, they were grouped for the different types of chest trauma. The most frequent interventions are pain management, oxygen therapy management, collaboration in the placement and monitoring of chest tubes, administration of hemoderivatives, hemodynamic assessment, and monitoring of signs of respiratory distress. However, conducting further scientific studies that provide a solid and updated foundation for nursing care to demonstrate health benefits is essential.