@article{21d252d92d784e428d3b6e934116b84a,
title = "Media education competitions: an efficient strategy for digital literacies?",
abstract = "In this paper we present results from research in Portugal about competitions in schools that involve digital education (2010-2015). The aim of this study is to discuss its effectiveness as a strategy for developing Media Education. The 16 activities we have collected are mostly targeted at the school population and show an emphasis on media production, a dimension that is often not considered part of formal learning, which is more focused on reading than on writing. The results lead us to raise questions about the importance of non-formal education. Interestingly, most of these initiatives have been designed to take place in the school context and are, in various ways, supported by the Ministry of Education, a situation which blurs the boundaries between formal and non-formal learning. The analysis of the data leads us to this specific recommendation: these initiatives should be formally evaluated in order to understand their real impact on the acquisition of news media education skills.",
keywords = "Competitions, Digital literacy, Formal and non-formal education, Media education",
author = "Luis Pereira and Ana Jorge and Brites, {Maria Jos{\'e}}",
note = "Funding Information: In Portugal, Media Education had not had a clear policy until the Recommendations by the European Parliament and Council and has been, since 2009, supported by an Informal Group of Media Literacy, bringing together stakeholders in the field. A Reference Guide on Media Education was produced by the Education Ministry in 2014 (Pereira et al., 2014) but resources are still scarce, with education programmes by media companies and associations offering a compensatory contribution. Funding Information: In a publication by the European Science Foundation, analysing the main challenges media and communication studies face in establishing their research agendas in Europe ({\'A}lvares et al., 2014), Media Education was made one of the designated topics for the 2014-2025 decade. Nevertheless, at policy level, we can detect a lack of clarification in some European countries about the role of media education, which is often referred as Media Literacy. Funding Information: In this group of three where media education is central is 7 Dias, 7 Dicas sobre os Media. In its third edition in 2015, its stated aims were to “foster critical and creative use of media, safer use of the Internet and respect for copyright and foster collaboration among teachers, students, newspapers, radios, televisions and school libraries under the Media Literacy”. The Jornais Escolares competition, sponsored by the project P{\'u}blico na Escola, was also part of this group, as it aimed to “contribute to the development of Media Education” and “promote the use of Information and Communication Technologies in the production of school newspapers”. Included in this first group as well is the SITESTAR.PT competition, which invites participants “to take intellectual and legal responsibility for the work in the competition, thus learning to respect the safety rules, privacy, related rights and property”. Among the strategic objectives, are as follows: “to promote digital media among young people” and encourage them “to use the Internet and its tools to create websites as editors and become active participants in the development of the Internet”. In other competitions, the objectives are related to media education skills, although this is not clearly stated in their documented rules. Funding Information: This article was produced under the COST IS1401 European Literacy Network. Maria Jos{\'e} Brites also worked with the support of the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (SFRH/BPD/92204/2013). ______________________________________ Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017, Padova University Press. All rights reserved.",
year = "2017",
month = feb,
doi = "10.14658/pupj-ijse-2017-1-5",
language = "English",
volume = "9",
pages = "77--92",
journal = "Italian Journal of Sociology of Education",
issn = "2035-4983",
publisher = "Padova University Press",
number = "1",
}