Nursing interventions for people at risk of venous thromboembolism associated with chemotherapy: scoping review

Introduction: Venous thromboembolism is the second leading cause of death in people with cancer. This risk increases in people undergoing chemotherapy. This complication causes physical and emotional suffering, and targeted nursing interventions are essential. Objective: To map the scientific evidence on nursing interventions to prevent and manage venous thromboembolism in people with cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: Scoping Review according to the methodology of the Joanna Briggs Institute. The research was conducted in the MEDLINE® and CINAHL® databases in April 2023. The review followed the PRISMA-ScR EQUATOR checklist. Results: Twenty-six articles published between 2004 and 2023 were included. After analysis, three main dimensions emerged: assessment of the risk of venous thromboembolism, independent interventions, and interdependent interventions. Conclusion: Nurses play a crucial role in preventing and managing venous thromboembolism, using a systematised approach to risk assessment, education, monitoring for signs and/or symptoms of these complications, and implementing targeted interventions.