Sleep symptoms are essential features of long-COVID – comparing healthy controls with COVID-19 cases of different severity in the international COVID sleep study (ICOSS-II)

Ilona Merikanto; Yves Dauvilliers; Frances Chung; Yun Kwok Wing; Luigi de Gennaro; Brigitte Holzinger; Bjørn Bjorvatn; Charles M. Morin; Thomas Penzel; Christian Benedict; Adrijana Koscec Bjelajac; Ngan Yin Chan; Colin A. Espie; Harald Hrubos-Strøm; Yuichi Inoue; Maria Korman; Anne Marie Landtblom; Damien Léger; Kentaro Matsui; Sergio Mota-Rolim; Michael R. Nadorff; Giuseppe Plazzi; Cátia Reis; Juliana Yordanova; Markku Partinen

doi:10.1111/jsr.13754

Sleep symptoms are essential features of long-COVID – comparing healthy controls with COVID-19 cases of different severity in the international COVID sleep study (ICOSS-II)

Ilona Merikanto^*, Yves Dauvilliers, Frances Chung, Yun Kwok Wing, Luigi de Gennaro, Brigitte Holzinger, Bjørn Bjorvatn, Charles M. Morin, Thomas Penzel, Christian Benedict, Adrijana Koscec Bjelajac, Ngan Yin Chan, Colin A. Espie, Harald Hrubos-Strøm, Yuichi Inoue, Maria Korman, Anne Marie Landtblom, Damien Léger, Kentaro Matsui, Sergio Mota-RolimMichael R. Nadorff, Giuseppe Plazzi, Cátia Reis, Juliana Yordanova, Markku Partinen

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

Many people report suffering from post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 or “long-COVID”, but there are still open questions on what actually constitutes long-COVID and how prevalent it is. The current definition of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 is based on voting using the Delphi-method by the WHO post-COVID-19 working group. It emphasizes long-lasting fatigue, shortness of breath and cognitive dysfunction as the core symptoms of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19. In this international survey study consisting of 13,628 subjects aged 18–99 years from 16 countries of Asia, Europe, North America and South America (May–Dec 2021), we show that post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 symptoms were more prevalent amongst the more severe COVID-19 cases, i.e. those requiring hospitalisation for COVID-19. We also found that long-lasting sleep symptoms are at the core of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 and associate with the COVID-19 severity when COVID-19 cases are compared with COVID-negative cases. Specifically, fatigue (61.3%), insomnia symptoms (49.6%) and excessive daytime sleepiness (35.8%) were highly prevalent amongst respondents reporting long-lasting symptoms after hospitalisation for COVID-19. Understanding the importance of sleep-related symptoms in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 has a clinical relevance when diagnosing and treating long-COVID.

Original language	English
Article number	e13754
Journal	Journal of Sleep Research
Volume	32
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.13754
Publication status	Published - Feb 2023

Keywords

COVID-19
Excessive daytime sleepiness
Fatigue
Insomnia
Pandemic
Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1111/jsr.13754Licence: CC BY

53708971Final published version, 986 KBLicence: CC BY

http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/39145Licence: CC BY

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Merikanto, I., Dauvilliers, Y., Chung, F., Wing, Y. K., de Gennaro, L., Holzinger, B., Bjorvatn, B., Morin, C. M., Penzel, T., Benedict, C., Koscec Bjelajac, A., Chan, N. Y., Espie, C. A., Hrubos-Strøm, H., Inoue, Y., Korman, M., Landtblom, A. M., Léger, D., Matsui, K., ... Partinen, M. (2023). Sleep symptoms are essential features of long-COVID – comparing healthy controls with COVID-19 cases of different severity in the international COVID sleep study (ICOSS-II). Journal of Sleep Research, 32(1), Article e13754. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.13754

@article{754b702fb744453e8e4b047df71eaa86,

title = "Sleep symptoms are essential features of long-COVID – comparing healthy controls with COVID-19 cases of different severity in the international COVID sleep study (ICOSS-II)",

abstract = "Many people report suffering from post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 or “long-COVID”, but there are still open questions on what actually constitutes long-COVID and how prevalent it is. The current definition of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 is based on voting using the Delphi-method by the WHO post-COVID-19 working group. It emphasizes long-lasting fatigue, shortness of breath and cognitive dysfunction as the core symptoms of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19. In this international survey study consisting of 13,628 subjects aged 18–99 years from 16 countries of Asia, Europe, North America and South America (May–Dec 2021), we show that post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 symptoms were more prevalent amongst the more severe COVID-19 cases, i.e. those requiring hospitalisation for COVID-19. We also found that long-lasting sleep symptoms are at the core of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 and associate with the COVID-19 severity when COVID-19 cases are compared with COVID-negative cases. Specifically, fatigue (61.3\%), insomnia symptoms (49.6\%) and excessive daytime sleepiness (35.8\%) were highly prevalent amongst respondents reporting long-lasting symptoms after hospitalisation for COVID-19. Understanding the importance of sleep-related symptoms in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 has a clinical relevance when diagnosing and treating long-COVID.",

keywords = "COVID-19, Excessive daytime sleepiness, Fatigue, Insomnia, Pandemic, Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19",

author = "Ilona Merikanto and Yves Dauvilliers and Frances Chung and Wing, \{Yun Kwok\} and \{de Gennaro\}, Luigi and Brigitte Holzinger and Bj{\o}rn Bjorvatn and Morin, \{Charles M.\} and Thomas Penzel and Christian Benedict and \{Koscec Bjelajac\}, Adrijana and Chan, \{Ngan Yin\} and Espie, \{Colin A.\} and Harald Hrubos-Str{\o}m and Yuichi Inoue and Maria Korman and Landtblom, \{Anne Marie\} and Damien L{\'e}ger and Kentaro Matsui and Sergio Mota-Rolim and Nadorff, \{Michael R.\} and Giuseppe Plazzi and C{\'a}tia Reis and Juliana Yordanova and Markku Partinen",

note = "Funding Information: This study was funded by The Academy of Finland (project 322312, recipient Dr Merikanto), The Finnish Cultural Foundation (recipient Dr Merikanto), and the Signe and Ane Gyllenberg Foundation (recipients Prof. Partinen and Dr Merikanto). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication. There are no competing financial interests. Financial disclosure: none. Non‐financial disclosure: none. Funding Information: In Memorium of our colleague Dr Roumen Kirov. The authors would also like to acknowledge all the PhD students involved in ICOSS study who have helped in the country-specific survey data collection: Laura Kortesoja from the University of Helsinki supervised by Dr Merikanto; Alessandra De Santis from the University of Rome supervised by Dr De Gennaro; Courtney Bolstad from the Mississippi State University supervised by Dr Nadorff; Tain{\'a} Freitas de Mac{\^e}do and Ana Suely Cunha from the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte supervised by Dr Mota-Rolim; Franziska Nierwetberg from the Medical University Vienna supervised by Dr Holzinger; Dor Agami and Elizabeth Schwartsberg from Ariel University supervised by Dr Korman; and Silvia Koumanova and Laura Lyamova from the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Institute of Neurobiology supervised by Dr Yordanova. Also to be acknowledged are collaborators Dr Anna Kristoffersson and Associate Prof. Shala Berntsson from Uppsala University (Sweden), Dr Yaping Liu from the Chinese University of Hong Kong (China), Dr Diva Ferreira from Centro Hospitalar do M{\'e}dio Ave (Portugal), Dr Selma Cvijetic Avdagic, Dr Jelena Macan and Dr Biserka Ross from the Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health (Croatia), Dr Eva Andela Delale from the Institute for Anthropological Research (Croatia), Dr Domagoj Vidovic from the University Psychiatric Hospital Vrapce (Croatia) and Vasil Kolev Lyamova from the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Institute of Neurobiology (Bulgaria), who have helped with the data collection in their respective countries. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Authors. Journal of Sleep Research published by John Wiley \& Sons Ltd on behalf of European Sleep Research Society.",

year = "2023",

month = feb,

doi = "10.1111/jsr.13754",

language = "English",

volume = "32",

journal = "Journal of Sleep Research",

issn = "0962-1105",

publisher = "John Wiley and Sons Inc.",

number = "1",

}

Merikanto, I, Dauvilliers, Y, Chung, F, Wing, YK, de Gennaro, L, Holzinger, B, Bjorvatn, B, Morin, CM, Penzel, T, Benedict, C, Koscec Bjelajac, A, Chan, NY, Espie, CA, Hrubos-Strøm, H, Inoue, Y, Korman, M, Landtblom, AM, Léger, D, Matsui, K, Mota-Rolim, S, Nadorff, MR, Plazzi, G, Reis, C, Yordanova, J & Partinen, M 2023, 'Sleep symptoms are essential features of long-COVID – comparing healthy controls with COVID-19 cases of different severity in the international COVID sleep study (ICOSS-II)', Journal of Sleep Research, vol. 32, no. 1, e13754. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.13754

TY - JOUR

T1 - Sleep symptoms are essential features of long-COVID – comparing healthy controls with COVID-19 cases of different severity in the international COVID sleep study (ICOSS-II)

AU - Merikanto, Ilona

AU - Dauvilliers, Yves

AU - Chung, Frances

AU - Wing, Yun Kwok

AU - de Gennaro, Luigi

AU - Holzinger, Brigitte

AU - Bjorvatn, Bjørn

AU - Morin, Charles M.

AU - Penzel, Thomas

AU - Benedict, Christian

AU - Koscec Bjelajac, Adrijana

AU - Chan, Ngan Yin

AU - Espie, Colin A.

AU - Hrubos-Strøm, Harald

AU - Inoue, Yuichi

AU - Korman, Maria

AU - Landtblom, Anne Marie

AU - Léger, Damien

AU - Matsui, Kentaro

AU - Mota-Rolim, Sergio

AU - Nadorff, Michael R.

AU - Plazzi, Giuseppe

AU - Reis, Cátia

AU - Yordanova, Juliana

AU - Partinen, Markku

N1 - Funding Information: This study was funded by The Academy of Finland (project 322312, recipient Dr Merikanto), The Finnish Cultural Foundation (recipient Dr Merikanto), and the Signe and Ane Gyllenberg Foundation (recipients Prof. Partinen and Dr Merikanto). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication. There are no competing financial interests. Financial disclosure: none. Non‐financial disclosure: none. Funding Information: In Memorium of our colleague Dr Roumen Kirov. The authors would also like to acknowledge all the PhD students involved in ICOSS study who have helped in the country-specific survey data collection: Laura Kortesoja from the University of Helsinki supervised by Dr Merikanto; Alessandra De Santis from the University of Rome supervised by Dr De Gennaro; Courtney Bolstad from the Mississippi State University supervised by Dr Nadorff; Tainá Freitas de Macêdo and Ana Suely Cunha from the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte supervised by Dr Mota-Rolim; Franziska Nierwetberg from the Medical University Vienna supervised by Dr Holzinger; Dor Agami and Elizabeth Schwartsberg from Ariel University supervised by Dr Korman; and Silvia Koumanova and Laura Lyamova from the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Institute of Neurobiology supervised by Dr Yordanova. Also to be acknowledged are collaborators Dr Anna Kristoffersson and Associate Prof. Shala Berntsson from Uppsala University (Sweden), Dr Yaping Liu from the Chinese University of Hong Kong (China), Dr Diva Ferreira from Centro Hospitalar do Médio Ave (Portugal), Dr Selma Cvijetic Avdagic, Dr Jelena Macan and Dr Biserka Ross from the Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health (Croatia), Dr Eva Andela Delale from the Institute for Anthropological Research (Croatia), Dr Domagoj Vidovic from the University Psychiatric Hospital Vrapce (Croatia) and Vasil Kolev Lyamova from the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Institute of Neurobiology (Bulgaria), who have helped with the data collection in their respective countries. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Sleep Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Sleep Research Society.

PY - 2023/2

Y1 - 2023/2

N2 - Many people report suffering from post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 or “long-COVID”, but there are still open questions on what actually constitutes long-COVID and how prevalent it is. The current definition of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 is based on voting using the Delphi-method by the WHO post-COVID-19 working group. It emphasizes long-lasting fatigue, shortness of breath and cognitive dysfunction as the core symptoms of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19. In this international survey study consisting of 13,628 subjects aged 18–99 years from 16 countries of Asia, Europe, North America and South America (May–Dec 2021), we show that post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 symptoms were more prevalent amongst the more severe COVID-19 cases, i.e. those requiring hospitalisation for COVID-19. We also found that long-lasting sleep symptoms are at the core of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 and associate with the COVID-19 severity when COVID-19 cases are compared with COVID-negative cases. Specifically, fatigue (61.3%), insomnia symptoms (49.6%) and excessive daytime sleepiness (35.8%) were highly prevalent amongst respondents reporting long-lasting symptoms after hospitalisation for COVID-19. Understanding the importance of sleep-related symptoms in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 has a clinical relevance when diagnosing and treating long-COVID.

AB - Many people report suffering from post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 or “long-COVID”, but there are still open questions on what actually constitutes long-COVID and how prevalent it is. The current definition of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 is based on voting using the Delphi-method by the WHO post-COVID-19 working group. It emphasizes long-lasting fatigue, shortness of breath and cognitive dysfunction as the core symptoms of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19. In this international survey study consisting of 13,628 subjects aged 18–99 years from 16 countries of Asia, Europe, North America and South America (May–Dec 2021), we show that post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 symptoms were more prevalent amongst the more severe COVID-19 cases, i.e. those requiring hospitalisation for COVID-19. We also found that long-lasting sleep symptoms are at the core of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 and associate with the COVID-19 severity when COVID-19 cases are compared with COVID-negative cases. Specifically, fatigue (61.3%), insomnia symptoms (49.6%) and excessive daytime sleepiness (35.8%) were highly prevalent amongst respondents reporting long-lasting symptoms after hospitalisation for COVID-19. Understanding the importance of sleep-related symptoms in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 has a clinical relevance when diagnosing and treating long-COVID.

KW - COVID-19

KW - Excessive daytime sleepiness

KW - Fatigue

KW - Insomnia

KW - Pandemic

KW - Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85139382422

U2 - 10.1111/jsr.13754

DO - 10.1111/jsr.13754

M3 - Article

C2 - 36208038

AN - SCOPUS:85139382422

SN - 0962-1105

VL - 32

JO - Journal of Sleep Research

JF - Journal of Sleep Research

IS - 1

M1 - e13754

ER -

Sleep symptoms are essential features of long-COVID – comparing healthy controls with COVID-19 cases of different severity in the international COVID sleep study (ICOSS-II)

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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CRC-W: Católica Research Centre for Psychological, Family and Social Wellbeing

Cite this

Sleep symptoms are essential features of long-COVID – comparing healthy controls with COVID-19 cases of different severity in the international COVID sleep study (ICOSS-II)

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Projects

CRC-W: Católica Research Centre for Psychological, Family and Social Wellbeing

Cite this