TY - JOUR
T1 - The ongoing COVID-19 epidemic in Minas Gerais, Brazil
T2 - insights from epidemiological data and SARS-CoV-2 whole genome sequencing
AU - Xavier, Joilson
AU - Giovanetti, Marta
AU - Adelino, Talita
AU - Fonseca, Vagner
AU - Barbosa da Costa, Alana Vitor
AU - Ribeiro, Adriana Aparecida
AU - Felicio, Katlin Nascimento
AU - Duarte, Clara Guerra
AU - Ferreira Silva, Marcos Vinicius
AU - Salgado, Álvaro
AU - Lima, Mauricio Teixeira
AU - de Jesus, Ronaldo
AU - Fabri, Allison
AU - Soares Zoboli, Cristiane Franco
AU - Souza Santos, Thales Gutemberg
AU - Iani, Felipe
AU - Ciccozzi, Massimo
AU - Bispo de Filippis, Ana Maria
AU - Teixeira de Siqueira, Marilda Agudo Mendonça
AU - de Abreu, André Luiz
AU - de Azevedo, Vasco
AU - Ramalho, Dario Brock
AU - Campelo de Albuquerque, Carlos F.
AU - de Oliveira, Tulio
AU - Holmes, Edward C.
AU - Lourenço, José
AU - Junior Alcantara, Luiz Carlos
AU - Assunção Oliveira, Marluce Aparecida
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank all the authors, originating and submitting laboratories that have kindly deposited and shared genome data on GISAID EpiCoV database, on which this research is based. An acknowledgment table can be found in Supplementary Table S3. We thank all personnel from Health Surveillance System from the state of MG that assisted with epidemiological data collection. We are also grateful for the support provided by the personnel from the Central Public Health Laboratory/Octávio Magalhães Institute (IOM) of the Ezequiel Dias Foundation (FUNED).
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Pan American World Health Organization (VPGDI-003-FIO-19-2-2-30). M.G. is supported by Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ). V.F. and T.d.O. are supported by the South African Medical Research Council (MRC-RFA-UFSP-01-2013/UKZN HIVEPI) and the NIH H3AbioNet network, which is an initiative of the Human Health and Heredity in Africa Consortium (H3Africa). E.C.H. is supported by an Australian Research Council Australian Laureate Fellowship (FL170100022). J.L. is supported by a lectureship from the Department of Zoology, University of Oxford. J.X. and F.I. are supported by the Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior?Brasil (CAPES)?Finance Code 001. F.I. is also supported by Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG). A.S. has a scholarship from ZIKA - Announcement MCTIC/FNDCT-CNPq/MEC-CAPES/MS-Decit /No. 14/2016 - Prevention and Fight against Zika Virus. M.T.L. is supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPQ). V.A. has a grant from the Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES)(#88887.506611/202-00). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, writing and/or decision to publish the manuscript. We thank all the authors, originating and submitting laboratories that have kindly deposited and shared genome data on GISAID EpiCoV database, on which this research is based. An acknowledgment table can be found in Supplementary Table S3. We thank all personnel from Health Surveillance System from the state of MG that assisted with epidemiological data collection. We are also grateful for the support provided by the personnel from the Central Public Health Laboratory/Oct?vio Magalh?es Institute (IOM) of the Ezequiel Dias Foundation (FUNED).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group, on behalf of Shanghai Shangyixun Cultural Communication Co., Ltd.
PY - 2020/1/1
Y1 - 2020/1/1
N2 - The recent emergence of a coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), first identified in the Chinese city of Wuhan in December 2019, has had major public health and economic consequences. Although 61,888 confirmed cases were reported in Brazil by 28 April 2020, little is known about the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in this country. To better understand the recent epidemic in the second most populous state in southeast Brazil - Minas Gerais (MG) - we sequenced 40 complete SARS-CoV-2 genomes from MG cases and examined epidemiological data from three Brazilian states. Both the genome analyses and the geographical distribution of reported cases indicate for multiple independent introductions into MG. Epidemiological estimates of the reproductive number (R) using different data sources and theoretical assumptions suggest the potential for sustained virus transmission despite a reduction in R from the first reported case to the end of April 2020. The estimated date of SARS-CoV-2 introduction into Brazil was consistent with epidemiological data from the first case of a returned traveller from Lombardy, Italy. These findings highlight the nature of the COVID-19 epidemic in MG and reinforce the need for real-time and continued genomic surveillance strategies to better understand and prepare for the epidemic spread of emerging viral pathogens.
AB - The recent emergence of a coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), first identified in the Chinese city of Wuhan in December 2019, has had major public health and economic consequences. Although 61,888 confirmed cases were reported in Brazil by 28 April 2020, little is known about the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in this country. To better understand the recent epidemic in the second most populous state in southeast Brazil - Minas Gerais (MG) - we sequenced 40 complete SARS-CoV-2 genomes from MG cases and examined epidemiological data from three Brazilian states. Both the genome analyses and the geographical distribution of reported cases indicate for multiple independent introductions into MG. Epidemiological estimates of the reproductive number (R) using different data sources and theoretical assumptions suggest the potential for sustained virus transmission despite a reduction in R from the first reported case to the end of April 2020. The estimated date of SARS-CoV-2 introduction into Brazil was consistent with epidemiological data from the first case of a returned traveller from Lombardy, Italy. These findings highlight the nature of the COVID-19 epidemic in MG and reinforce the need for real-time and continued genomic surveillance strategies to better understand and prepare for the epidemic spread of emerging viral pathogens.
KW - Genomic epidemiology
KW - Genomic surveillance
KW - Minas Gerais
KW - Pandemic
KW - SARS-CoV-2
KW - Sequencing
KW - Southeast Brazil
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85089407305&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1803146
DO - 10.1080/22221751.2020.1803146
M3 - Article
C2 - 32726185
AN - SCOPUS:85089407305
SN - 2222-1751
VL - 9
SP - 1824
EP - 1834
JO - Emerging Microbes and Infections
JF - Emerging Microbes and Infections
IS - 1
ER -