The role of cognitive reserve in executive functioning and its relationship to cognitive decline and dementia

Gabriela Álvares-Pereira, Carolina Maruta, Maria Vânia Silva-Nunes

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapterpeer-review

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Abstract

In this chapter, we explore how cognitive reserve is implicated in coping with the negative consequences of brain pathology and age-related cognitive decline. Individual differences in cognitive performance are based on different brain mechanisms (neural reserve and neural compensation), and reflect, among others, the effect of education, occupational attainment, leisure activities, and social involvement. These cognitive reserve proxies have been extensively associated with efficient executive functioning. We discuss and focus particularly on the compensation mechanisms related to the frontal lobe and its protective role, in maintaining cognitive performance in old age or even mitigating the clinical expression of dementia.
Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationNeurophysiology - networks, plasticity, pathophysiology and behavior
EditorsThomas Heinbockel
PublisherIntechOpen
Chapter9
Number of pages19
ISBN (Electronic)9781803560700
ISBN (Print)9781803560687, 9781803560694
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 21 Dec 2022

Keywords

  • Cognitive reserve
  • Executive functions
  • Aging
  • Cognitive decline
  • Dementia

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