Use of smoking cessation programs in the pregnancy-puerperal cycle: a scoping review

Introduction Smoking during pregnancy can cause serious health problems to the mother and child. Smoking cessation prior to conception or early pregnancy, as well as maintaining abstinence during this period contributes positively to maternal and fetal well-being, therefore intervention programs for smoking cessation are particularly importance. Question What are the intervention programs for smoking cessation in women in the pregnancy-puerperal cycle? Objectives To identify intervention programs for smoking cessation in women in the pregnancy-puerperal cycle Methods Population: women in the pregnancy-puerperal cycle. Concepts: pregnancy, puerperium, smoking cessation and intervention programs. Context: community where women in the pregnancy-puerperal cycle live. Types of study: quantitative, qualitative and mixed. Search term: Conjugate the descriptors MeSH: Smoking Cessation AND Pregnant Women OR Postpartum period. We searched articles published in the ProQuest databases and the EBSCOhost platform: CINAHL Complete, Mediclatina, Nursing & Allied Health Collection and MEDLINE Complete, with the limiters: full text, published from 1/1/2014 to 31/5 / 2018, human and age group-Adults (19-44 years) Results In the evaluation of the methodological quality we used the PRISMA flowchart 2009, extracting the data using the instrument proposed by the JBI. Two studies were included. The scoping review did not allow the identification of studies with effective implementation of smoking cessation programs. However, they contribute to identify influencing factors and strategies for the implementation of smoking cessation programs. Conclusions Scoping review identified a set of strategies to support smoking cessation. Barriers to program implementation were identified at three levels: institutional (difficulties in communication and devaluation of this type of intervention) and professionals and pregnant smokers (knowledge, attitudes and beliefs).