Atividade antimicrobiana de diferentes fotossensibilizadores na desinfeção intracanal em endodontia

: revisão sistemática de literatura

Abstract

Introduction: Photodynamic therapy, a non-invasive approach involving the combination of a photosensitizer, oxygen, and a light source, is described as a promising antimicrobial therapy that can eliminate microorganisms present in endodontic infections. It is considered a promising alternative to conventional irrigation protocols in endodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to identify the benefits of using photosensitizing agents to enhance the antimicrobial activity in teeth with intra-canal infection, when compared to traditional disinfection methods. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA methodology and adhering to the PICO criteria for the research question. The search was performed in the PubMed® and Web of Science® databases for studies/articles published, based on the predefined inclusion criteria. The quality assessment of the included studies was independently conducted by two researchers. This process was supported by completing the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale questionnaire. Results: Out of the 81 records obtained from the search in the search engines, seven articles were selected. The obtained results indicate that antimicrobial photodynamic therapy proves to be an adjunctive, conservative, and non-selective approach for bacterial elimination, used to enhance root canal disinfection without inducing bacterial resistance. It offers multiple capabilities that can be considered for disinfection of the root canal system with future prospects in the design and performance of nanoscale platforms. This therapeutic modality reduced bacterial counts in the majority of studies, especially when used as an adjunct to conventional endodontic techniques to treat refractory infections. However, the effects on bacterial biofilm in vitro were not accurately quantified due to biases in the analyzed studies. Conclusion: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy is one of the adjunctive therapies developed to improve the effectiveness of root canal disinfection in cases of oral infections and resistant microorganisms. However, the success rate is influenced by various factors, including the type of photosensitizer, its concentration, irradiation time, and the technique used for diffusion.

Date of Award	14 Sept 2023
Original language	Portuguese
Awarding Institution	Universidade Católica Portuguesa
Supervisor	Rita Noites (Supervisor), Ana Peixoto Gomes (Co-Supervisor) & Miguel Cardoso (Co-Supervisor)