Caracterização das lesões de tecidos moles e duros nos pacientes da Clínica Dentária Universitária

: um estudo retrospetivo

Abstract

Introduction: different pathologies of soft and hard tissues can affect the oral cavity and, despite the clinical and radiographic examination being an asset in obtaining a clinical diagnosis, sometimes it becomes necessary to perform the surgical biopsy procedure. The anatomopathological examination helps in the diagnosis of most oral lesions, being particularly important in potentially malignant lesions as they can progress to oral cancer. Objectives: to evaluate the prevalence of soft and hard tissue injuries diagnosed through anatomopathological examination in patients at the University Dental Clinic; to analyze the risk factors and clinical determinants associated with these injuries; to determine the agreement between clinical and anatomopathological diagnosis; as well as the prevalence of malignant neoplasms. Material and methods: a retrospective observational descriptive study of soft and hard tissue injuries of patients at the University Dental Clinic of Viseu was carried out, where descriptive and inferential statistical analyzes of 52 biopsies were performed.
Results: the most affected gender was female with 59.62% and mean age of 59.97 years. The most performed biopsy technique was the conventional excisional one, representing 63.46% of the sample. The most biopsied anatomical location was the cheek mucosa and the most diagnosed pathology was fibroma. The use of ill-fitting dentures and the harmful habit of tobacco were the most common risk factors among the patients studied. In 89.6% of the cases, the clinical and anatomopathological diagnoses were in agreement. The prevalence of malignant neoplasms in this study was 5.77%, with a higher incidence in females (3.85%) and in the age group between 71-80 years old (3.85%). Conclusion: the various lesions diagnosed in the patients in this study confirm that biopsy followed by anatomopathological examination is a highly relevant procedure, together with clinical examination and anamnesis to obtain an accurate and definitive diagnosis of oral cavity lesions.

Date of Award	15 Jul 2022
Original language	Portuguese
Awarding Institution	Universidade Católica Portuguesa
Supervisor	Patrícia Couto (Supervisor), Tiago Marques (Co-Supervisor) & Raquel Silva (Co-Supervisor)