Cuidador informal da pessoa dependente

: perfil e necessidades sensíveis aos cuidados de enfermagem

Abstract

Context: the increasing longevity of the population associated with significant changes in the demographic profile has generated considerable challenges in the field of care. This scenario is particularly relevant considering that currently many individuals reach greater longevity after the age of 65, although this increase in years does not always relate to a healthy life. This reality highlights the urgent need for adequate support from family members who often assume the role of informal caregivers for dependent people. Aims: taking into account the theme addressed, the present study aims to identify the profile and the needs of nursing care of the informal caregiver of a dependent person, of a Family Health Unit (FHU) within the coverage area of a Community Care Unit (CCU). Methodology: based on the planning methodology, an analytical cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out. For data collection, a multi dimensional form which was developed on existing measurement instruments previously translated and validated for the Portuguese population, has been used in phone calling a sample of 43 informal caregivers. Results: the informal caregiver profile identified in this study is predominantly female (74%, n=32) with an average age of 62.2 years with low education, married or living with partners (58%, n=25) also retired (44%, n=19) and with associated comorbidities. The majority of caregivers in the sample are sons and daughters (63%, n=27) who live (79%, n=34) with a parent in a situation of severe or total dependence who provide care over an average period of 9.6 years and with a daily workload which on a average can reach 19.1 hours. These data confirm the physical and emotional burden to which these informal caregivers are subject. Despite the fatigue shown (81%, n=35) and the little time they have (67%, n= 29) the sample demonstrates a strong motivation to continue performing their role of caregiver. This panorama reveals the vulnerability of these caregivers, many express an overload (77%, n=33) and few information about the resources available in the community. Based on the profile outlined, the needs sensitive to nursing care emerged, reflected in seven diagnoses, namely: compromised quality of life, musculoskeletal pain, complex medication regimen management, sleep compromised, potential to improve knowledge, caregiver stress and compromised health-seeking behavior. Conclusion: the results of this study reinforce the need to support informal caregivers, highlighting the importance of implementing intervention strategies that promote not only relief from overload or stress but also access to adequate information and resources. The role of nursing, as a central element in the coordination of care, is fundamental in guiding caregivers and promoting more holistic and personalized care.

Date of Award	23 May 2025
Original language	Portuguese
Awarding Institution	Universidade Católica Portuguesa
Supervisor	Tânia Costa (Supervisor)