Estudo sobre a prevalência de fatores de risco na doença cardiovascular numa amostra de adultos da região de Lisboa

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease is a serious public health problem, and is considered the leading cause of death in Portugal and worldwide. The objectives of this study were 1) to estimate the prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, etc.); 2) estimate the absolute risk of suffering fatal cardiovascular events and the relative risk (SCORE); 3) evaluate the perception, treatment and control of diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypertension. This study was conducted on a sample of 349 individuals of both sexes, between 18 and 79 years. The data collected were obtained from a venous blood sample, a physical examination and a questionnaire. For the statistical analysis done using the SPSS version 20.0. Of the total sample, the prevalence rates were as follows: Overweight/obesity (63.6%), inadequate diet (63%), hypertension (47.9%), physical inactivity (47.6%), smoking (24.9%), family history of premature cardiovascular disease (18.6%), hypercholesterolemia (18.1%), hypertriglyceridemia (13.5%), alcohol abuse (11,7%) and diabetes (10%). In estimating the absolute risk was possible to assess the cardioprotective effect of HDL cholesterol. The determination of the relative risk identified 46% of individuals with a risk ≥ 2. The perception, treatment and control of risk factors was 8.9%, 85.7% and 50% for diabetes; 40.1%, 45.8% and 56.7% in hypercholesterolemia; 6.3%, 23 6% and 52.9% in hypertriglyceridemia and 38.1%, 77.8% and 43.1% in hypertension. The identification of risk factors is a crucial measure to be able to act appropriately and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Date of Award	2012
Original language	Portuguese
Awarding Institution	Universidade Católica Portuguesa
Supervisor	Mafalda Bourdon (Supervisor) & Ana Filipa Vale (Co-Supervisor)