Expansão maxilar em doentes odontopediátricos

: estudo retrospetivo

Abstract

Introduction: Upper jaw transverse hypoplasia is a common problem in the craniofacial region, often accompanied by dental crowding, crossbite and mandibular deviation. Its aetiology is multifactorial, including genetic factors and parafunctional habits. Maxillary expansion has been an effective treatment, especially when performed before the peak of bone growth. Maxillary expansion positively influences nasal breathing and can correct deviations of the nasal septum. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective descriptive and observational study carried out at the University Clinic of the Portuguese Catholic University of Viseu over the last two years. The sample consisted of 30 patients, divided by gender and distributed into two age groups: 6-10 years and 11-14 years. The inclusion criteria included patients with mixed dentition, maxillary atresia, malocclusion and crowding in the upper arch. Exclusion criteria included adult patients, treatments started before 2020 and all those with permanent dentition or maxillary surgery prior to expansion. Results: The majority of participants were aged between 6 and 10 years, with a predominance of skeletal class I. The presence of parafunctions, especially mouth breathing, was common. The Hyrax expander was widely used and proved effective, especially in patients with parafunctions. This study analyzes the consequences of a narrow palate on dental, skeletal, and functional development in children. Discussion: Early intervention in maxillary expansion, especially between ages 6 and 10, is crucial for ideal results with minimal side effects. The effective use of the Hyrax expander in patients with parafunctions suggests its viability as a treatment option for maxillary expansion. Conclusion: This study highlights the need for comprehensive treatment plans for children to enable early diagnosis of anomalies and parafunctional habits. It emphasizes maxillary expansion to improve breathing and sleep. Further research on the Hyrax appliance's effectiveness in enhancing transversal dimensions and related functional conditions is suggested.

Date of Award	18 Jul 2024
Original language	Portuguese
Awarding Institution	Universidade Católica Portuguesa
Supervisor	Susana Isabel Falardo Ramos (Supervisor) & Anna Moura (Co-Supervisor)