Impacto dos distúrbios do sono relacionados com o ritmo circadiano na relação do ciclo cortisol/melatonina e no processo metabólico celular

: revisão sistemática

Abstract

This systematic review focused on the impact of sleep disorders related to the circadian rhythm on cortisol and melatonin biomarkers and cellular metabolism, specifically regarding telomere length. The main objective was to evaluate the impact of these disorders on physiological biomarkers of cortisol and melatonin and on cellular activity, particularly concerning telomeres. Eligibility criteria were selected based on the structural factors of the PICOS approach (P= Population; I= Intervention; C= Comparison; O= Outcome; S= Study design). The population (P) included participants with circadian rhythm sleep disorders. The intervention (I) focused on cortisol, melatonin, and telomere biomarkers. The comparison group (C) included individuals with regular sleep patterns aligned with the natural circadian rhythm. The outcomes (O) included the evaluation of telomere length, sleep quality, and levels of cortisol and melatonin in the blood. The study designs (S) included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies, and prevalence and incidence studies. The databases used for the research were Scielo, PubMed, and Cochrane Data Base of Systematic Reviews, with additional "snowball" searches to identify further studies. The evidence from the selected studies indicates an association between circadian dysregulation and variations in these biomarkers, with potential implications for telomere length, suggesting a role in early cellular aging processes and metabolic and hormonal imbalances. Cellular aging and hormonal imbalances affect oral health, influencing processes such as wound healing, immune response, and the development of periodontal disease and dental caries. Proper regulation of the circadian rhythm can play a crucial role in optimizing dental care and managing chronic oral conditions. However, caution is needed in interpreting these results due to the methodological limitations of the included studies and the review process itself. The variability in study designs, as well as the heterogeneity of samples and measurement methods, highlights the need for future and more rigorous investigations to clarify these associations. These results reinforce the importance of synchronizing internal biological rhythms with natural environmental cycles to maintain overall health, including oral health.

Date of Award	25 Jul 2024
Original language	Portuguese
Awarding Institution	Universidade Católica Portuguesa
Supervisor	Susana Falardo (Supervisor) & Amélia Feliciano (Co-Supervisor)