Incorporation of inorganic antimicrobial substances into heat-cured denture base resins

: a systematic review

Abstract

Introduction: As life expectancy and the percentage of denture wearers increase, appropriate dental hygiene becomes crucial. Denture Stomatitis, Caries, and Periodontitis are the pathologies most observed in the oral cavity, resulting from fungal and bacterial infections. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is the most widely used denture base material, due to its favourable properties. Various studies have tested the incorporation of anti-infective agents into PMMA as a strategy to prevent biofilm growth on the denture surface. This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy of incorporating inorganic antimicrobial particles into the denture base resins in preventing antimicrobial growth, thereby identifying the most effective agents for enhancing PMMA's antimicrobial properties. Materials and Methods: This systematic review adheres to the PRISMA guidelines and the research protocol was registered in PROSPERO. The search was performed using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and Boolean operators in PubMed/Medline®, Cochrane®, and Web of Science® Core Collection, on 27 September 2023 and repeated on 17 January 2024. The screening was conducted by two independent investigators, starting with article titles, followed by abstracts, and finally, full-text readings. Quality assessment and interrater agreement were evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute's Checklist for Quasi-Experimental Studies and Cohen’s kappa. Results: A total of 246 titles were screened, resulting in the exclusion of 194 articles. Out of 52 abstracts, 25 were selected for full-text screening. Finally, 15 studies were included in this review, fourteen of which with low risk of bias, while one presented a moderate risk. Almost perfect agreement was observed in the three phases of the screening. Data extraction was performed, focused on sample preparation and antimicrobial tests performed. Conclusions: Overall, most of the inorganic antimicrobials presented favourable properties against the microbial strains. However, due to the high heterogeneity in the samples, more tests are necessary, as well as clinical trials.

Date of Award	24 Jul 2024
Original language	English
Awarding Institution	Universidade Católica Portuguesa
Supervisor	Patrícia Fonseca (Supervisor), Helena Salgado (Co-Supervisor) & Filipe Miguel Araújo (Co-Supervisor)