Intervenção de enfermagem comunitária em pessoas com diabetes tipo 2

: capacitar para prevenir o pé diabético

Abstract

Population ageing is a global reality that brings new challenges to individuals and to society in general, increasing the global burden of chronic non-communicable diseases. Diabetes mellitus and its complications are a major threat to society's health as they increase mortality and incapacity, conditioning their quality of life. Diabetic foot is considered one of the most serious complications of diabetes, by the individual and collective human suffering it causes, as well as physical, psychological and economic incapacity. Loss of mobility, the need for recurrent hospitalization, high amputation rates and high costs to society makes their prevention a challenge to public health. Nurse Specialist in Community Nursing is the professional specialized in promoting the capacity of groups and communities, developing community intervention strategies to rectify their needs. Acts as a promoter of behavior change, contributing to health promotion and disease prevention. This document intends to describe the community intervention developed in a Community Care Unit in the urban area of Lisbon, from September 3 to December 19 of 2018 with the purpose of promoting feet self-care of people with diabetes. The implemented project was supported by the Health Planning methodology and the theoretical reference of Dorothea Orem with the Nursing Theory of Self-Care Deficit. To carry out the diagnosis phase the data collection was performed through a questionnaire and foot observation of 17 participants. After analysing the data, it was identified self-care deficit, lack of knowledge and feet self-monitoring. To respond to these needs, the following strategies were selected: health education, multi-disciplinary team involvement and mobilizing community resources. For that purpose, activities were developed with the goal of promoting the acquisition of knowledge and developing in people the necessary skills for feet self-care. Two interactive group health education sessions were planned and held to encourage learning and sharing of experiences and competencies. Those sessions were supported by a local partnership with “Associação de Amigos e Moradores do Bairro”, which provided the physical space and other resources. It was also prepared educational material addressed to the participants, written with simple and clear messages to enable their understanding. Strategies were planned for the project continuity, namely the presentation of the project to the team, a digital folder with a compilation of the documentation used in the community intervention project and the scheduling of the re-assessment. The proposed specific goals were achieved based on evaluation through the indicators of activity, results and structure defined. This path allowed the personal and professional development of competences within the scope of community nursing.

Date of Award	21 Mar 2018
Original language	Portuguese
Awarding Institution	Universidade Católica Portuguesa
Supervisor	Cândida Ferrito (Supervisor)