To carry out this study was applied as well as a socio – demographic questionnaire (adapted version from Sousa & McIntyre, 2002), to characterize the sample; the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), (Zigmond & Snaith, 1983; portuguese version adapted by Pais-Ribeiro, Silva, Ferreira, Martins, Meneses & Baltar,2007), to evaluate the levels of anxiety and depression; Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), (Buysse, Reynolds, Monk, Berman & Kupfer, 1989, portuguese version adapted by Ramalho,2007), to evaluate sleep; and Satisfaction with Social Support Scale (ESSS) (adapted from: Neemann & Harter,1986; Veit & Ware, 1983; Brook et al.,1979; made, developed and validated by Pais-Ribeiro, 1999), to evaluate social support. The sample is composed by 90 type 2 diabetics, with more than one year of diagnosis. They are aged between 39 and 65 years and are users of extension of health center Dr.Vale Lima in Vila Cova, in the city of Barcelos, on Braga district. Which 45 subjects (50%) are male, and 45 subjects (50%) are female, with a mean age of 56,67%, and a standard deviation of 6,411 years. The propose of this study is to test four hypotheses: (1) Is expected that type 2 diabetics, due to age, have higher levels of psychological morbidity; (2) Is expected that type 2 diabetics who have more social support, have better sleep quality; (3) They are significant differences between male and female type 2 diabetics, regarding sleep problems; (4) It is expected that type 2 diabetics, which are more sleep problems, have higher levels of psychological morbidity. The fist hypothesis has been partially confirmed, the age correlates with depression, but not with anxiety. The second hypothesis was not confirmed in the total scales, but was corroborated in two subscales, subjective sleep quality and family satisfaction. The third hypothesis was confirmed and there are significant differences between men and women, regarding sleep. The fourth hypothesis was confirmed, and type 2 diabetics who have sleep problems, have levels of psychological morbidity. The results obtained in this investigation indicate that type 2 diabetics, in this group have a high social support, a poor sleep quality and moderate levels of anxiety and depression.
| Date of Award | 20 Feb 2013 |
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| Original language | Portuguese |
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| Awarding Institution | - Universidade Católica Portuguesa
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| Supervisor | Eleonora C. V. Costa (Supervisor) |
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