Novas abordagens terapêuticas adjuvantes para o tratamento de periodontite e peri-implantite

Abstract

Periodontitis is a complex disease and has several etiological factors, which develops over time through the accumulation of bacterial plaque on the tooth surface. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and photobiomodulation (PBM) are considered new adjuvant therapeutic approaches when used with scaling or periodontal surgery. This study presents the potential of these new approaches in dental practices. A literature search was performed in the MEDLINE (PubMed) and Web of Science databases. Articles published in the last 5 years until December 2022 only in English using the keywords: (“Periodontitis” AND “light therapy”) (“Peri-implantitis” AND “light therapy”), (“Periodontitis” AND “low-level Laser therapy (LLLT)” OR “photobiomodulation”), (“Peri-implantitis” AND “low-level Laser therapy (LLLT)” OR “photobiomodulation”), (“Periodontitis” AND “Photodynamic Therapy” OR “Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy” OR “Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy), (“Periimplantitis” AND “Photodynamic Therapy” OR “Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy” OR “Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy), (“Periodontitis” AND “antimicrobial Blue Light Therapy”), (“Peri-implantitis” AND “antimicrobial Blue Light Therapy”). A total of 610 studies were found, which, after removing duplicates, whose title and abstract were analysed (n= 156). After applying the exclusion criteria, 72 were read in full, where 18 were excluded because they did not include comparative studies between conventional treatment techniques and light-based techniques. This study shows the high potential of aPDT and PBM for the inactivation of periodontopathogenic microorganisms. The analysed studies clearly show that there is an improvement regarding the treatment of periodontitis and peri- implantitis after scaling, scaling or periodontal surgery in conjunction with aPDT and PBM adjuvant therapies. These results vary according to the stage and degree of periodontal and peri-implant disease. However, more studies must be done to optimize the protocol in a clinical environment.

Date of Award	20 Jul 2023
Original language	Portuguese
Awarding Institution	Universidade Católica Portuguesa
Supervisor	Ana Peixoto Gomes (Supervisor) & Anna Moura (Co-Supervisor)