O efeito do crescimento económico na desigualdade de rendimentos

: a curva de Kuznets dos países da Coesão no período entre 1995 e 2019

Abstract

Income inequality has been an increasingly prominent topic in the 21st century. In recent decades, the share of gross national income in the Top 1% has increased substantially, which has provoked a controversial debate about the causes and consequences of income inequality for society in general and the economy in particular. The aim of this study is to test the Kuznets Curve hypothesis for the Cohesion countries of the European Union - Portugal, Italy, Ireland, Greece and Spain - in the period between 1995 and 2019. The measure of inequality used is the share of gross national income in the Top 1%. As independent or explanatory variables are considered the gross national income per capita and several control variables, including dummies by country and temporal. The method used is econometric, with an OLS regression in first differences. Results show a non-linear relationship between the share of gross national income in the Top 1% and gross national income per capita. Taking the results into account, we can say that the estimated Kuznets Curve for the Cohesion countries is in the ascending phase, verifying a positive relationship between income inequality and economic growth.

Date of Award	13 Jul 2023
Original language	Portuguese
Awarding Institution	Universidade Católica Portuguesa
Supervisor	Leonardo Costa (Supervisor)