O impacto da perturbação do hiperatividade e défice de atenção no controlo inibitório, em adultos

Abstract

Introduction: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurobiological developmental disorder characterized by attention difficulties, high impulsivity and hyperactivity. Although historically associated with children, ADHD affects many adults, persisting in around 30 percent of individuals diagnosed in childhood, although the symptoms of hyperactivity tend to diminish. However, as adults face new responsibilities, the challenges increase. This can have a negative impact on performance at work and in social interactions. Studies indicate that individuals with ADHD perform less well on tasks that assess executive functions, particularly inhibitory control. This study aims to assess the relationship between the diagnosis of ADHD in adults and impaired inhibitory control in a Portuguese sample. Secondly, it will analyze the effectiveness of the Stroop test as an early identification tool, essential for facilitating more effective interventions and improving the quality of life of individuals with ADHD. Methodology: The sample of this study is made up of 50 participants, users of the Hospital Particular do Algarve, divided into two groups. The data-collection instruments included a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Adult Executive Functioning Inventory (ADEXI) and the Stroop test, used to assess executive functions. Results: The results indicated a significant association between ADHD and inhibitory control deficits in adults. Although effective in identifying inhibitory difficulties, the Stroop test showed limitations as an exclusive predictor of ADHD. Conclusions: This study highlights the relevance of inhibitory control in ADHD and the utility of the Stroop test in its assessment. However, due to the limitations found, a more comprehensive diagnostic approach is recommended, along with the development of interventions to improve executive functions, promoting better adaptation and quality of life.

Date of Award	17 Jan 2025
Original language	Portuguese
Awarding Institution	Universidade Católica Portuguesa
Supervisor	Miguel Coutinho (Supervisor) & Filipa Ribeiro (Supervisor)