O papel da empatia e personalidade no insight disposicional

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the psychological relationships between dispositional insight, empathy, and personality traits. Despite the importance of our ability to assess other people's personalities for our social interactions, it has not been thoroughly studied in previous psychological literature. A sample of 166 Portuguese participants, aged 18-79 years old, completed a self-report questionnaire and a test to assess the relevant variables for the study. The results demonstrated a positive, albeit weak, association between dispositional insight, cognitive empathy, and the personality trait of honesty-humility. Additionally, a positive correlation between dispositional insight and the female gender was observed, with females showing a moderate correlation with the personality trait of emotionality. Additionally, the relationships found regarding the genders were also explored, showing significant differences between the genders. Two mediation models were proposed to explain the relevant relationships further. The first tested the mediating effect of cognitive empathy on the relationship between honesty-humility and dispositional insight, and the second added empathy to explain the relationship between female gender and emotionality trait. Furthermore, a moderation analysis was conducted to explore the moderating effect of gender on the honesty-humility and dispositional insight relationship. The findings suggest that dispositional insight may be an overlooked socioemotional competence in the current literature and may be an important variable for various components involved in well-being. Therefore, it should be considered a construct of interest in various contexts and areas of psychology. Limitations and suggestions for future studies are further discussed. Nonetheless, the present study contributes to our understanding of the psychological relationships between dispositional insight, empathy, and personality traits and provides a basis for further research in this field

Date of Award	10 Aug 2023
Original language	Portuguese
Awarding Institution	Universidade Católica Portuguesa
Supervisor	Francisco Esteves (Supervisor)