Prevenção da doença invasiva pneumocóccica

: intervenção comunitária a grupo de profissionais de saúde

Abstract

Introduction: In recent years, vaccination was one of the greatest advances in the medical field, and with it have come health gains for the population worldwide. Vaccines, like drugs, have significant importance in the field of disease prevention. In industrialized countries, the incidence of the invasive pneumococcal disease has a range of 8 to 34 cases per 100 000 individuals. The incidence is the highest in the individuals within the age group of under two years of age and the group over fifty years of age (Costa, et al, 2016). Between 2000 to 2006, community-acquired pneumonia accounted for 3.7% of hospitalizations in the adult population in Portugal (Costa, et al, 2016). In addition to age, comorbidities and smoking and alcohol habits are also risk factors for its development. On May 23, 2015, the Directorate-General for Health (DGS) published standard 011/2015, updated on November 6, 2015, on the vaccination against Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in groups at increased risk for invasive pneumococcal disease (IID) over 18 years of age. It was based on this standard that the community intervention project was developed in a Public Health Unit, having as target the group of professionals from an ACES. Objective: Prevention of the invasive pneumococcal disease in a group of professionals from an ACES. Methodology: The theoretical basis was a literature review based on a search conducted in Google Scholar, EBSCOhost, PubMed, and reference manuals on the topic. The Health Planning methodology has been used to assess needs, set goals, program the community intervention, and execute and evaluate it. The data collection instrument applied was a digital survey, which aimed to identify the number of professionals who should comply with the pneumococcal vaccination scheme. Health education was the chosen strategy, based on Nola Pender's Health Promotion Model as a nursing theoretical reference. The sample consisted of 120 workers who participated voluntarily in the study. Results: The survey applied to 600 professionals got 120 responses, which is 20% of the inquiries. In the total number of responses, 28 professionals had a disease or condition that met the recommendations for the anti-pneumococcal vaccination protocol. Although only 4 individuals had the anti-pneumococcal vaccination plan up to date, indicating low compliance. Conclusion: A structured action, such as health education, presented with relevant information on this topic and subsequent reinforcement in occupational hygiene consultations, contributes to health gains and the individual/group commitment to the action plan. Considering the competencies of the community health specialist nurses with the community or group being the focus of their area of expertise, occupational hygiene will obtain significant gains in health promotion with the participation of these professionals.

Date of Award	23 Nov 2021
Original language	Portuguese
Awarding Institution	Universidade Católica Portuguesa
Supervisor	Cândida Ferrito (Supervisor)