Relação entre a disfunção temporomandibular e os fatores psicossomáticos

Abstract

Introduction: Occlusion is defined as the contact that exists between the maxillary and mandibular teeth. The term temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are used to join a group of diseases that affect the masticatory muscles, the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and adjacent structures. The main symptoms of TMD are pain, opening limitation, joint sounds, and mandibular deviation and chewing difficulties. These symptoms may appear alone or together. Pain is the most common symptom of TMD and this is the reason why patients go to the dentist. Patients have pain when jaw movements occur or when someone made to them muscle palpation. The patients with TMD are particularly important from a psychological point of view. It is necessary to evaluate the psychosomatic factors in the presence of orofacial chronic pain. Objective: Evaluate the role of psychosomatic factors in temporomandibular disorders through a literature review. Materials and Methods: The search of the articles to review was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect. The terms used in the research were: "Occlusion", "TMJ", "TMD", "Stress", "Anxiety," "Depression," "TMD + Stress", "TMD + Anxiety" and "TMD + Depression". The articles published before 2000 were excluded from the literature review. Results: We selected 14 articles relating TMD and psychosomatic factors. From the 14 articles, 11 are observational and 3 are experimental. Conclusion: Psychosomatic factors have an important role in temporomandibular disorders. People with this disease have higher levels of anxiety, stress and depression compared to healthy patients.

Date of Award	29 Jul 2015
Original language	Portuguese
Awarding Institution	Universidade Católica Portuguesa
Supervisor	Octávio Alexandre Soares dos Santos Ribeiro (Supervisor) & André Filipe Madureira Ferreira Baptista (Co-Supervisor)