Salivary biomarkers for cardiovascular disease in type II diabetes Mellitus and chronic periodontitis

Abstract

Recent evidence demonstrates a relation between cardiovascular disease, chronic periodontitis and type II diabetes mellitus. However, the molecular mechanisms and altered proteins in these diseases are not well established yet. Ageing is a process that consequently develops complex phenotypes resulting from the accumulation of multiple diseases, making the diagnostic and treatment of the clinical situations harder. To know how proteins are altered and how they interact in multi compromised individuals poses an additional challenge. This work aims to identify proteins with altered expression, using bioinformatics tools, to identify the molecular mechanisms compromised. Additionally, the creation of important information in order to propose potential biomarkers in individuals with two or more of these diseases is also a goal. For that purpose, a collection of saliva samples was created from individuals with different combinations of cardiovascular disease, chronic periodontitis and type II diabetes. Once this collection is created the future quantification of the different proteins present in these sample is possible. The identification of the proteins altered in the different diseases in study, describe in literature, allowed the update of the OralOme database. With all the information present in the OralOme for the three diseases, a functional analysis of the proteins was made using the bioinformatics tools PANTHER and Cytoscape in order to find the proteins altered in saliva and the molecular mechanisms in which they participate. With the results obtained it was possible to suggest the need of more quantification studies of salivary proteins, for each disease and above all the quantification of salivary proteins in patients with the association of cardiovascular, diabetes melitus type 2 and periodontal disease to improve the differential diagnostic.

Date of Award	7 Dec 2016
Original language	English
Awarding Institution	Universidade Católica Portuguesa
Supervisor	Marlene Barros (Supervisor) & Nuno Rosa (Co-Supervisor)