Social impact measurement in hybrid organisations in Portugal

: a stake-holder-based adaptation of the Impact Frontiers approach

Abstract

Social enterprises (SEs) are becoming increasingly important in addressing social issues. While driven by external pressures such as investor requirements, they are also internally motivated to measure social impact in order to improve their mission. Nevertheless, the measurement of social impact remains a complex process due to the conflict between standardisation and customisation and the high demand for resources. The thesis investigates the current challenges with impact measurement for SEs in Portugal and explores the potential for adapting the Impact Frontiers approach to their context. To achieve this, the study employs a qualitative approach by conducting semi-structured interviews with stakeholders within the social entrepreneurship ecosystem. The findings indicate that the primary challenges are a lack of knowledge and perceived relevance, along with resource limitations and low awareness of the Impact Frontiers approach. By adding a phased and dual reporting component, the model can be customized to context-specific requirements of SEs. The enhancement of relevance and the facilitation of usability can be achieved by the provision of additional external support and the collaboration of all stakeholders. It is therefore possible to utilise the approach as a foundation for impact measurement, with the possibility of individual modification. The adapted model provides a guideline for SEs, investors and consultants, and sets the groundwork for future validation and research in diverse contexts.

Date of Award	23 Jun 2025
Original language	English
Awarding Institution	Universidade Católica Portuguesa
Supervisor	Carlos Miguel Pelicano Borges Teixeira de Azevedo (Supervisor)