Applicability of scales/indicators for pain monitoring in critically ill patients incapable of verbalizing: a systematic review of the literature

A. F. Fernandes de Sá Araújo  Freitas; M. Fernandes; R. M. Dourado Marques; J. S. Ramos Freitas

doi:10.20986/resed.2019.3726/2019

Applicability of scales/indicators for pain monitoring in critically ill patients incapable of verbalizing: a systematic review of the literature

Título traduzido da contribuição: Aplicabilidad de escalas/indicadores para el control del dolor en pacientes críticamente incapaces de verbalizar: una revisión sistemática de la literatura

A. F. Fernandes de Sá Araújo Freitas
, M. Fernandes
, R. M. Dourado Marques^*
, J. S. Ramos Freitas

^*Autor correspondente para este trabalho

Resultado de pesquisa: Contribuição em revista científica › Artigo de revisão › revisão de pares

1 Citação (Scopus)

28 Transferências (Pure)

Resumo

Objetivo: Llevar a cabo una revisión sistemática de la literatura existente sobre la aplicabilidad de escalas/indicadores para el control del dolor en pacientes críticamente enfermos que no pueden verbalizar. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura en las siguientes bases de datos: MEDLINE, CINAHL y el Registro Cochrane Central de Ensayos Controlados, como descriptores principales “Paciente en estado crítico”, “Dolor”, “Escala” e “Instrumento”. Consideramos el periodo entre enero de 2012 y diciembre de 2017, y obtuvimos un total de 149 resultados. De estos, seleccionamos 12 artículos finales de texto completo para extracción y análisis, que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión requeridos. Dos revisores independientes llevaron a cabo la evaluación crítica, extracción y síntesis de los datos. Resultados: La clave para el manejo adecuado del dolor radica en detectar y evaluar varios indicadores, tales como: expresión facial, tamaño de la pupila, vocalización, movimientos corporales, tono muscular, adaptación a la ventilación mecánica, presión arterial y frecuencia cardiaca. Posteriormente, es fundamental intervenir en consecuencia y reevaluar el estado del paciente. La BPS (Escala de dolor conductual) y la CPOT (herramienta de observación del dolor en cuidados críticos) se consideran las escalas más adecuadas para la evaluación del dolor en pacientes críticos que son incapaces de verbalizar. Si bien el BPS solo se debe utilizar en pacientes ventilados, el CPOT se puede usar tanto en pacientes ventilados como no ventilados. Conclusión: el BPS y el CPOT son dos escalas reconocidas como confiables, válidas y fáciles de aplicar para el control del dolor en pacientes críticamente enfermos que no pueden verbalizar su dolor.

Título traduzido da contribuição	Aplicabilidad de escalas/indicadores para el control del dolor en pacientes críticamente incapaces de verbalizar: una revisión sistemática de la literatura
Idioma original	Inglês
Páginas (de-até)	293-303
Número de páginas	11
Revista	Revista de la Sociedad Espanola del Dolor
Volume	26
Número de emissão	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.20986/resed.2019.3726/2019
Estado da publicação	Publicado - 2019

Keywords

Dolor
Paciente crítico
Monitoreo
Escalas
Indicadores

Acesso ao documento

10.20986/resed.2019.3726/2019Licença: CC BY-NC-ND

20558647Versão da editora, 693 KBLicença: CC BY-NC-ND

http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/32537Licença: CC BY-NC-ND

Outros arquivos e links

https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85083316212

Citação

@article{8116af7834d34666a2ef516041c7552d,

title = "Applicability of scales/indicators for pain monitoring in critically ill patients incapable of verbalizing: a systematic review of the literature",

abstract = "Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the existing literature about the applicability of scales/indicators for pain monitoring in critically ill patients who are unable to verbalize. Methods: We performed a systematic review of the literature, according to the Joanna Briggs Institute's guidelines, in the following databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The search was executed using, as main descriptors, {"}Critically Ill Patient{"}, {"}Pain{"}, {"}Scale{"} and {"}Instrument{"}, in Portuguese, English, Italian, and Spanish. We considered the period between January 2012 and December 2017, and obtained a total of 149 results. From these, we selected 11 fi nal full-text articles for extraction and analysis, which met the required inclusion criteria. Two researchers made the search and two independent reviewers carried out the critical evaluation, extraction and synthesis of the data. Results: The key to adequate pain management lies in detecting and assessing several indicators, such as: facial expression, vocalization, body movements, muscle tone, adaptation to mechanical ventilation. Subsequently, it is fundamental to intervene accordingly and to reassess the patient's status. The BPS (Behavioral Pain Scale) and the CPOT (Critical-care Pain Observation Tool) are considered the most appropriate scales for pain assessment in critically ill patients who are incapable of verbalizing. While the BPS should only be used in ventilated patients, the CPOT can be used in both ventilated and non-ventilated patients. Conclusion: The BPS and the CPOT are two scales recognized as reliable, valid, and easy to apply, for pain monitoring in critically ill patients who are unable to verbalize their pain.",

keywords = "Critically ill, Indicators, Monitoring, Pain, Scales, Dolor, Paciente cr{\'i}tico, Monitoreo, Escalas, Indicadores",

author = "Freitas, \{A. F. Fernandes de S{\'a} Ara{\'u}jo\} and M. Fernandes and Marques, \{R. M. Dourado\} and Freitas, \{J. S. Ramos\}",

year = "2019",

doi = "10.20986/resed.2019.3726/2019",

language = "English",

volume = "26",

pages = "293--303",

journal = "Revista de la Sociedad Espanola del Dolor",

issn = "1134-8046",

publisher = "Ediciones Doyma, S.L.",

number = "5",

}

Applicability of scales/indicators for pain monitoring in critically ill patients incapable of verbalizing: a systematic review of the literature. / Freitas, A. F. Fernandes de Sá Araújo ; Fernandes, M.; Marques, R. M. Dourado et al.
Em: Revista de la Sociedad Espanola del Dolor, Vol. 26, N.º 5, 2019, p. 293-303.

Resultado de pesquisa: Contribuição em revista científica › Artigo de revisão › revisão de pares

TY - JOUR

T1 - Applicability of scales/indicators for pain monitoring in critically ill patients incapable of verbalizing

T2 - a systematic review of the literature

AU - Freitas, A. F. Fernandes de Sá Araújo

AU - Fernandes, M.

AU - Marques, R. M. Dourado

AU - Freitas, J. S. Ramos

PY - 2019

Y1 - 2019

N2 - Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the existing literature about the applicability of scales/indicators for pain monitoring in critically ill patients who are unable to verbalize. Methods: We performed a systematic review of the literature, according to the Joanna Briggs Institute's guidelines, in the following databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The search was executed using, as main descriptors, "Critically Ill Patient", "Pain", "Scale" and "Instrument", in Portuguese, English, Italian, and Spanish. We considered the period between January 2012 and December 2017, and obtained a total of 149 results. From these, we selected 11 fi nal full-text articles for extraction and analysis, which met the required inclusion criteria. Two researchers made the search and two independent reviewers carried out the critical evaluation, extraction and synthesis of the data. Results: The key to adequate pain management lies in detecting and assessing several indicators, such as: facial expression, vocalization, body movements, muscle tone, adaptation to mechanical ventilation. Subsequently, it is fundamental to intervene accordingly and to reassess the patient's status. The BPS (Behavioral Pain Scale) and the CPOT (Critical-care Pain Observation Tool) are considered the most appropriate scales for pain assessment in critically ill patients who are incapable of verbalizing. While the BPS should only be used in ventilated patients, the CPOT can be used in both ventilated and non-ventilated patients. Conclusion: The BPS and the CPOT are two scales recognized as reliable, valid, and easy to apply, for pain monitoring in critically ill patients who are unable to verbalize their pain.

AB - Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the existing literature about the applicability of scales/indicators for pain monitoring in critically ill patients who are unable to verbalize. Methods: We performed a systematic review of the literature, according to the Joanna Briggs Institute's guidelines, in the following databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The search was executed using, as main descriptors, "Critically Ill Patient", "Pain", "Scale" and "Instrument", in Portuguese, English, Italian, and Spanish. We considered the period between January 2012 and December 2017, and obtained a total of 149 results. From these, we selected 11 fi nal full-text articles for extraction and analysis, which met the required inclusion criteria. Two researchers made the search and two independent reviewers carried out the critical evaluation, extraction and synthesis of the data. Results: The key to adequate pain management lies in detecting and assessing several indicators, such as: facial expression, vocalization, body movements, muscle tone, adaptation to mechanical ventilation. Subsequently, it is fundamental to intervene accordingly and to reassess the patient's status. The BPS (Behavioral Pain Scale) and the CPOT (Critical-care Pain Observation Tool) are considered the most appropriate scales for pain assessment in critically ill patients who are incapable of verbalizing. While the BPS should only be used in ventilated patients, the CPOT can be used in both ventilated and non-ventilated patients. Conclusion: The BPS and the CPOT are two scales recognized as reliable, valid, and easy to apply, for pain monitoring in critically ill patients who are unable to verbalize their pain.

KW - Critically ill

KW - Indicators

KW - Monitoring

KW - Pain

KW - Scales

KW - Dolor

KW - Paciente crítico

KW - Monitoreo

KW - Escalas

KW - Indicadores

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85083316212

U2 - 10.20986/resed.2019.3726/2019

DO - 10.20986/resed.2019.3726/2019

M3 - Review article

AN - SCOPUS:85083316212

SN - 1134-8046

VL - 26

SP - 293

EP - 303

JO - Revista de la Sociedad Espanola del Dolor

JF - Revista de la Sociedad Espanola del Dolor

IS - 5

ER -

Applicability of scales/indicators for pain monitoring in critically ill patients incapable of verbalizing: a systematic review of the literature

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