Importance of polyphenols: consumption and human health

Polyphenols are secondary metabolites of plants, and one of the most important phytochemicals found in herb plants, vegetables, and fruits. In recent years, these compounds have attracted increased attention due to the potential health benefits of dietary plant polyphenols as antioxidants. Epidemiological studies have noted the lower risk of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, hypertension, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases, with the consumption of diets rich in fruits and vegetables owing to the antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties of phenolic compounds. However, the bioavailability of each phenolic compound differs and there is no relation between the quantity of polyphenols in food and their bioavailability in human organisms. This chapter aimed to show the current evidence relating to polyphenols and health and the potential uses of polyphenols.