Multimodal game design framework for creativity in Macau's educational system through digital and tangible games: Chinese, Portuguese, and English languages

Creativity and collaboration are crucial to learning development in today's fast-paced educational environment. New technology can bridge humans and their natural needs through immersion in digital environments with physical objects. As knowledge and information evolve, digital interactive experiences are being explored and used to address physical and emotional issues during the learning process. This paper presents a conceptual framework design for multimodal experiences based on adaptable and flexible design patterns that use essential visual, audio, and tactile elements. The authors conducted experimental studies at three kindergarten levels using digital games. Children learned and played through multimodal activities using user-centred design principles, triggering creative behaviours. They used commercial digital games used in schools and educational curricula to assist in collecting data on how children this age interact with digital devices and real-world objects, inspiring creative behaviours.