TY - JOUR
T1 - Processed by‐products from soy beverage (Okara) as sustainable ingredients for nile tilapia (o. niloticus) juveniles
T2 - effects on nutrient utilization and muscle quality
AU - Voss, Glenise B.
AU - Sousa, Vera
AU - Rema, Paulo
AU - Pintado, Manuela E.
AU - Valente, Luísa M. P.
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: This work was partially funded by the structured program of R&D&I ATLANTIDA— Platform for the monitoring of the North Atlantic Ocean and tools for the sustainable exploitation of the marine resources (reference NORTE−01‐0145‐FEDER‐000040), supported by the North Portu‐ gal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE2020), through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).
Funding Information:
Acknowledgments: The authors thank CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior) for financial support. We would also like to thank the scientific collaboration under the FCT projects UID/Multi/50016/2019, UIDB/04423/2020 and UIDP/04423/2020.
Funding Information:
This work was partially funded by the structured program of R&D&I ATLANTIDA? Platform for the monitoring of the North Atlantic Ocean and tools for the sustainable exploitation of the marine resources (reference NORTE?01?0145?FEDER?000040), supported by the North Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE2020), through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). The authors thank CAPES (Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior) for financial support. We would also like to thank the scientific collaboration under the FCT projects UID/Multi/50016/2019, UIDB/04423/2020 and UIDP/04423/2020.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/3
Y1 - 2021/3
N2 - The apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of differently processed okara meals were assessed in Nile tilapia diets: dried okara not autoclaved (FOK), dried okara autoclaved (AOK), okara hydrolyzed with Alcalase (ALOK) or Cynara cardunculus proteases (CYOK), and hydrolyzed okara fermented with lactic bacteria: Lactobacillus rhamnosus R11 (CYR11OK) or Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis Bb12 (CYB12OK). Okara processing significantly affected nutrient digestibility: dry matter ADC was highest in CYR11OK (80%) and lowest in FOK (40%). The lowest protein digestibility was observed in CYR11OK (72%), and the highest in AOK (97%) and CYOK (91%), evidencing the effectiveness of the autoclave and the use of C. Cardunculus proteases to increase okara protein bioavailability. The inclusion of up to 20% of AOK or CYOK did not affect fish growth, nutrient utilization, or whole body composition of Nile tilapia. The flesh quality (color, pH, water activity, cohesiveness, elasticity and resilience) was not affected by the dietary incorporation of AOK or CYOK. Fish fed with AOK diets stand out for their high density of muscle fibers, particularly in AOK20, which can explain their high muscle firmness and may result in further hypertrophic growth. Altogether, results suggest that hydrolyzed or autoclaved okara are valuable ingredients for Nile tilapia diets.
AB - The apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of differently processed okara meals were assessed in Nile tilapia diets: dried okara not autoclaved (FOK), dried okara autoclaved (AOK), okara hydrolyzed with Alcalase (ALOK) or Cynara cardunculus proteases (CYOK), and hydrolyzed okara fermented with lactic bacteria: Lactobacillus rhamnosus R11 (CYR11OK) or Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis Bb12 (CYB12OK). Okara processing significantly affected nutrient digestibility: dry matter ADC was highest in CYR11OK (80%) and lowest in FOK (40%). The lowest protein digestibility was observed in CYR11OK (72%), and the highest in AOK (97%) and CYOK (91%), evidencing the effectiveness of the autoclave and the use of C. Cardunculus proteases to increase okara protein bioavailability. The inclusion of up to 20% of AOK or CYOK did not affect fish growth, nutrient utilization, or whole body composition of Nile tilapia. The flesh quality (color, pH, water activity, cohesiveness, elasticity and resilience) was not affected by the dietary incorporation of AOK or CYOK. Fish fed with AOK diets stand out for their high density of muscle fibers, particularly in AOK20, which can explain their high muscle firmness and may result in further hypertrophic growth. Altogether, results suggest that hydrolyzed or autoclaved okara are valuable ingredients for Nile tilapia diets.
KW - Bioprocess
KW - Circular economy
KW - Growth
KW - Nile tilapia
KW - Okara digestibility
KW - Soybean by-products
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85101221736&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/ani11030590
DO - 10.3390/ani11030590
M3 - Article
C2 - 33668177
AN - SCOPUS:85101221736
SN - 2076-2615
VL - 11
SP - 1
EP - 17
JO - Animals
JF - Animals
IS - 3
M1 - 590
ER -
