Use of a mixing chamber for sample preparation and multiple collection in sequential injection analysis: determination of sulfate in wines

A sequential injection system for determination of sulfate in wines was developed. It was based on the formation of BaSO₄, measured turbidimetrically at 420 nm. As sample dilution and acidification were required, both sample and acid were sent to a mixing chamber placed in a lateral port of the selection valve; after thorough mixing, up to six aliquots could be drawn and analyzed. A linear calibration curve was established using 10% v/v ethanol standards with concentrations between 300 and 1500 mg L^-1 of K₂SO₄. The results obtained by the present methodology were statistically comparable with those furnished by the reference procedure, with relative deviations < 3.5%. The sample frequency was about 5 samples per h with relative standard deviations (RSD) < 10%.